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Objective To investigate the risk factors of extubation failure following surgical repair of congenital heart defects (CHD) in infants.Methods Infantile patients who underwent surgical repair of CHD under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2015 to October 2016 were included.According to results of extubation,the patients were divided into the extubation failure group and extubation success group.Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed,including age,gender,body mass,the types of congenital heart disease,extracorporeal circulation time and the use of vasoactive drug,et al.Results Sixty cases were enrolled in this study.Among them 12 cases (7 males,5 females with the boy to girl ratio of 1.4 ∶ 1.0,and average age was 0.56 years old) were in the extubation failure group,in which 3 cases (25.0％)aged ＜3 months,5 cases(41.6％) aged 3-6 months.Eight cases(66.7％) weighed ≤5 kg and 4 cases(33.3％)weighed ＞ 5-10 kg.Forty-eight cases (27 males,21 females;the boy to girl ratio was 1.2 ∶ 1.0 and average age was 1.15 years old) were in the extubation success group.The distribution of age and body weight were significantly lower in the extubation failure group than those in the extubation success group [0.42 (0.37) years old vs.1.00 (1.08)years old,Z=-3.22,P＜0.01;5.00 (1.25) kgvs.8.40 (3.95) kg,Z=-3.57,P＜0.01].The durations of CPB and mechanical ventilation until the initial extubation were significantly longer in the extubation failure group than those in the extubation group [114.0 (110.O) minutes vs.80.0 (45.0) minutes,Z =1.59,P ＜ 0.05;142.5 (229.5)hours vs.14.0 (48.9) hours,Z =2.00,P ＜ 0.05].The incidences of airway spasm and pulmonary infection had no difference between the 2 groups (x2 =4.00,5.54,all P ＞ 0.05).Multiple Logistic regression showed thatthe duration of CPB was an independent risk factor of extubation failure [odds ratio (OR) =0.967,95％ CI:0.956-0.997,P =0.024].Conclusions The risk factors of extubation failure include young age,low body weight,and prolonged CPB and mechanical ventilation.CPB time is an independent risk factor of extubation failure following cardiac surgery in infants.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors of extubation failure following surgical repair of congenital heart defects (CHD) in infants.Methods Infantile patients who underwent surgical repair of CHD under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2015 to October 2016 were included.According to results of extubation,the patients were divided into the extubation failure group and extubation success group.Clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed,including age,gender,body mass,the types of congenital heart disease,extracorporeal circulation time and the use of vasoactive drug,et al.Results Sixty cases were enrolled in this study.Among them 12 cases (7 males,5 females with the boy to girl ratio of 1.4 ∶ 1.0,and average age was 0.56 years old) were in the extubation failure group,in which 3 cases (25.0％)aged ＜3 months,5 cases(41.6％) aged 3-6 months.Eight cases(66.7％) weighed ≤5 kg and 4 cases(33.3％)weighed ＞ 5-10 kg.Forty-eight cases (27 males,21 females;the boy to girl ratio was 1.2 ∶ 1.0 and average age was 1.15 years old) were in the extubation success group.The distribution of age and body weight were significantly lower in the extubation failure group than those in the extubation success group [0.42 (0.37) years old vs.1.00 (1.08)years old,Z=-3.22,P＜0.01;5.00 (1.25) kgvs.8.40 (3.95) kg,Z=-3.57,P＜0.01].The durations of CPB and mechanical ventilation until the initial extubation were significantly longer in the extubation failure group than those in the extubation group [114.0 (110.O) minutes vs.80.0 (45.0) minutes,Z =1.59,P ＜ 0.05;142.5 (229.5)hours vs.14.0 (48.9) hours,Z =2.00,P ＜ 0.05].The incidences of airway spasm and pulmonary infection had no difference between the 2 groups (x2 =4.00,5.54,all P ＞ 0.05).Multiple Logistic regression showed thatthe duration of CPB was an independent risk factor of extubation failure [odds ratio (OR) =0.967,95％ CI:0.956-0.997,P =0.024].Conclusions The risk factors of extubation failure include young age,low body weight,and prolonged CPB and mechanical ventilation.CPB time is an independent risk factor of extubation failure following cardiac surgery in infants.
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Objective To construct the lncRNA-1700020I14Rik plasmid and detect its effect on the fibrosis of mice mesangial cell (MMC) cultured with high glucose medium.Methods RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of 1700020I14Rik in MMC cultured with low glucose medium or high glucose.Total RNA was extracted from MMC and cDNA was got by RT-PCR.The whole fragment of lncRNA-1700020I14Rik amplified by PCR was constructed into plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) through PCR.Lipidosome 3000 was used to transfect the plasmid into the MMC cultured with high glucose medium and RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression level of 1700020I14Rik.Western blot was used to analyze the expression of fibronectin, collagen Ⅳ and TGF-β1.Results 1700020I14Rik was significantly down-regulated in MMC cultured with high glucose and it was significantly up-expressed in the MMC after transfecting with pcDNA3.1(+)-1700020I14Rik.The expressions of fibronectin, collagen Ⅳ and TGF-β1 were down-regulated by 1700020I14Rik.Conclusions The plasmidpcDNA3.1(+)-1700020I14Rik is able to effectively express the lncRNA-1700020I14Rik.Over-expression of 1700020I14Rik may protect mesangial cells from fibrosis conduced in high glucose medium.
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Objective To evaluate retained fetal cardiovascular function after radio frequency ablation in complicated monochorionic diamnionic twins.Methods A total of 19 complicated monochorionic diamnionic twins [10 twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and 9 selective intrauterine growth restricted (sIUGR)] who were diagnosed at Fetal Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from December 2013 to July 2015 were enrolled,and the cardiovascular profile score (CVPS) and Tei index of retained fetus were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at 24 h,3 days,1 week,1 month,2 months respectively.Each case was matched by normal fetuses with same gestational age as control group and the same parameters were measured.Results (1) TTTS:CVPS [(8.71 ± 1.11) scores] was increased significantly at 3 days postoperatively compared with preoperation [(6.86 ± 2.12) scores],and there was a statistical significance (t =2.571,P ＜ 0.05);CVPS [(9.29-± 0.95) scores] had no statistical significance 1 month postoperatively (P ＞ 0.05) as compared with controls [(10.00 ± 0.00) scores].Tei indexes of the left ventricle (LV-Tei) (0.41-± 0.06) and Tei indexes of the right ventricle (RV-Tei) (0.42 ± 0.06) decreased as compared with those before operation (LV-Tei:0.66 ± 0.19,RV-Tei:0.63 ± 0.12) with significant difference (LV:t =-3.193,P ＜ 0.05;RV:t =-3.565,P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistical significance 1 month after operation(all P ＞ 0.05) as compared with the controls (LV-Tei:0.35-± 0.03,RV-Tei:0.35-± 0.03).(2) sIUGR:CVPS [(9.71 ± 0.45) scores] showed no statistical significance 1 week after operation (P ＞ 0.05) as compared with controls [(10.00 ± 0.00) scores].Tei indexes of the right and left ventricle 1 week after operation were lower than after operation with significant difference (LV-Tei:0.39 ± 0.04 vs.0.47 ± 0.06,t =-6.687,P ＜ 0.01;RV-Tei:0.38 ± 0.04 vs.0.47 ± 0.05,t =-6.000,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the controls,RV-Tei (0.38 ± 0.04)had no statistical significance 1 week after operation (P ＞ 0.05),LV-Tei (0.36-± 0.02) showed no statistical significance 1 month after operation (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Retained fetal cardiovascular function of TTTS and sIUGR can be restored obviously after operation.In TTTS,its cardiovascular function is recovered completely 1 month postoperatively.In sIUGR,its cardiovascular function is recovered completely 1 week postoperatively.
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Objective To explore the factors related to the severity of disease symptoms in patients with acute leukemia (AL). Methods 198 AL patients with symptoms of disease (anemia, bleeding, infection, fever, etc.) from September 2013 to July 2016, were evaluated by the questionnaires of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQA), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS), family environment scale (FES), self-rating scale of illness conception and health seeking behavior (ICHSB). The results were compared with 198 healthy volunteers. Results The scores of SDS, SAS, factorⅠin FES, factor Ⅲ in FES, factor Ⅳ in FES, nervous and the total scores of EPQA, factor Ⅱ in TAS, factor Ⅱ in ICHSB were significantly higher in AL patients than those in healthy subjects [(41.09 ±6.85) scores vs. (36.74±6.99) scores, t=2.150, P=0.031; (38.64±7.51) scores vs. (31.79±7.57) scores, t= 3.327,P=0.001;(2.38±1.54) scores vs. (5.18±1.33) scores, t=3.319, P=0.001;(3.31±1.82) scores vs. (2.23±1.99) scores, t= 3.325, P= 0.001; (2.41±1.62) scores vs. (5.75±1.51) scores, t= 3.332, P= 0.001; (14.14±5.37) scores vs. (11.01±5.51) scores, t= 5.179, P= 0.000; (42.97±7.10) scores vs. (40.41±6.51) scores, t= 2.930, P=0.004;(22.97±4.57) scores vs. (21.54±4.13) scores, t=2.926, P=0.004; (16.37±3.89) scores vs. (15.92± 3.93) scores, t= 2.104, P= 0.034]. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The risk factors of AL were SAS (95 %CI= 1.064-1.210, P= 0.001), factor Ⅲ in FES (95 %CI= 1.104-1.694, P= 0.004), age (95 %CI= 1.027-1.094, P= 0.001), factor Ⅱ in TAS (95 %CI= 1.046-1.352, P= 0.005), besides, education level (95 %CI= 0.708-0.866, P= 0.001) acted as the protective role. Conclusions AL patients tend to the psychological problems such as depression, anxiety. Those will show much severer symptoms as a consequence of lacking of family warmth and concern, low expression of emotion, lacking of organization, low economic capacity, tension, and lacking of the ability to distinguish between emotion and physical feelings.
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The sufficiency of hard and soft tissue at the implant site is the guarantee of long-term function, health and the appearance of implant denture. Problem of soft tissue recession at the implant site has always been bothering dentists. Traditional methods for augmentation of soft tissue such as gingival transplantation have disadvantages of instability of the increased soft-tissue and more trauma. Lately the methods that base on tissue engineering to increase the soft tissue of peri-implant sites have drawn great attention. This review focuses on the current methods of peri-implant restoration through tissue engineering, seed cells, biological scaffolds and cytokines.
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Humans , Dental Implants , Dental Research , Gingiva , Gingival Recession , Therapeutics , Tissue Engineering , MethodsABSTRACT
Colleges are important places which cultivate high-tech talent and implement tech-nological innovation. In the management mechanism, the experimental teaching center, a secondary teaching unit of Chongqing Medical University, can integrates teaching resources effectively. Accord-ing to experimental teaching program , the hierarchical experimental teaching curriculum reform has been carried out. By performing open and innovative experiment of medical practice, standardizing the practice process of innovative experiment project, improving the activity of students to participate in the project, we try to explore the new way of medical talent cultivation.
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Tumor microenvironment has been confirmed to play an important role in the occurrence, invasion and metastasis of many kinds of tumors. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the primary type of host cells in the tumor microenvironment. CAFs have an assignable role in tumor development. CAFs create a suitable "soil" for tumor origination, secrete a large amount of growth factors promoting tumor growth and angiogenic factors promoting tumor angiogenesis. In addition, CAFs attract a large number of inflammatory cytokines, and secrete a great quantity of soluble products promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Therefore, CAFs may become new targets for targeted cancer therapy, and provide new ideas for the clinical cancer comprehensive treatment.
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Animals , Humans , Angiogenesis Inducing Agents , Cell Movement , Physiology , Disease Progression , Fibroblasts , Metabolism , Pathology , Bodily Secretions , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasms , Pathology , Tumor Microenvironment , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of miR-21 on 24 h urine albumin excretion (UAE), glomeruli morphology, and its molecular mechanism in db/db mouse with early stage of diabetic nephropathy. Methods Twenty-four 5-week-old male mice were randomized into 4 groups: control group (untreated db/m mice, n=6),miR-21-treated db/db group (n=6), control empty plasmid treated db/db group (n =6), and untreated db/db group (n = 6). Mice were injected intraperitoneally using a hydrodynamics-based procedure with plasmids (30 mg · kg-1 · d-1 of miR-21 or 30 mg· kg-1 · d-1 of control plasmid) until albuminuria was detected in the untreated db/db mice. The glomeruli were observed under the light microscope, and measured by the software in the computer. The expression of miR-21 was tested by real-time RT-PCR, the expression of PTEN, p-Akt (Ser 473),and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) p85α protein levels were examined by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results Male db/db mice of 9-week-old with hyperglycemia and significant elevation of urinary albumin excretion showed features similar to the early stage of diabetic nephropathy. Real-time RT-PCR showed that miR-21 was increased in the miR-21-treated group. By measurement of glomeruli acreage, the glomeruli were smaller in miR-21-treated group than in the control empty plasmid treated and untreated groups (all P<0.01). By Western blot and immunohistochemistry, PTEN were reduced in the miR-21-treated group, whereas PI3K p85α and phospho-Akt (Ser 473 ) were increased in miR-21-treated group (all P < 0.01). Conclusions miR-21 ameliorates glomerular hypertrophy in db/db mice with diabetic nephropathy, and it may be a novel protecting factor of diabetic nephropathy.
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To investigate the invasive ability of the residual tumor cells after immunotherapy and explore the feasible approach suppressing the invasion, mice were inoculated with B16 cells, and then treated by gene therapy with p4-1BBL/psPD-1 or IFN-gamma. The production and activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in residual tumor tissues were analyzed with gelatin zymography 1 day and 7 days after the termination of the immunotherapy. The production of MMP-9 and MMP-2 by B16 cells treated with IFN-gamma was also analyzed. IFN-gamma-treated B16 cells were inoculated to mice via subcutaneous injection. The invasion of tumor to muscular tissue was analyzed. Gene therapy with CH50 was used to suppress the invasive growth of tumor. The results showed that the expression and the activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were significantly increased 7 days after the end of immunotherapy. The response of tumor cells to ECM molecules was intensified after the removal of IFN-gamma, resulting in significant increase of both the production and activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2, and the increased invasion of tumor. Gene therapy with CH50 effectively suppressed the invasive growth of tumor. It is concluded that the termination of immunotherapy may result in a higher metastatic potential of residual tumor cells. Suppressing tumor invasion by suitable treatment will improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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To aim at the component elements in medical genetics teaching,a novel teach-ing method which introduced scientific thought was utilized.This method can promote students to assimilate the medical knowledge,know more about medical frontline information,help to raise the students’independent innovating capability,and elevate the integrative diathesis of students.
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General biology is a preclinical course for seven-year program students.It is important for students to grasp the fundamental ideas in the course.Holding contests of lecturing on biomedicine in postgenome era is a good application of the teaching-and-learning-through-interest technique.It aims at broadening students’vision,making students familiar with cutting-edge technologies in biology and enhancing their ability to search and read literatures,and so on.
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Objective To understand AIDS related knowledge and behaviors among female sex workers(FSWs) and their male clients from the same community.Methods One hundred and seventy seven FSWs and one hundred and fifty four male clients were recruited from entertainment venues in the same community by random sampling,and anonymous questionnaires were administered separately.Results(1)Over 80% of FSWs and their male clients understood the basic routes of HIV transmission,but many of them were unclear about non-HIV transmission routes.(2)97.7% of FSWs and 84.2% of the male clients used condoms during their commericial sexual intercourse.The frequency of using condoms during sex with casual or regular sex partners was lower than that during the commercial sexual intercourse(P
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The frequency of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene (CCTTT) 14 allele was significantly lower in diabetic nephropathy group (0.044) than that in diabetics without nephropathy (0.170, P
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The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) of peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined in 15 patients with RB, their 24 parents and 16 normal controls.The results showed that the spontaneous,MMC induced SCE and MN rates in patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Therefore, the results provided some positive evidence for chromosome instability in RB patients. The relationship between chromosome instability and the origin of RB was also discussed